Each stage operates on an ideal vaporcompression refrigeration cycle with refrigerant r4a as working fluid. Condenser cooling mediums are usually fan or water. Compressor basic refrigeration cycle evaporator condenser receiver expansion device. Refrigeration cycles the vapor compression refrigeration cycle is a common method for transferring heat from a low temperature to a high temperature. The vapor compression cycle uses the refrigerant to transport heat from the cold side to the hot side of a refrigeration system, heat pump, or air conditioning system. There are more fgas regulations coming into force, which will limit the use of hfc in refrigeration by 2030. This is the basic refrigeration cycle applied to a 10 seer r22 fixed orifice air conditioning system.
The refrigeration cycle is a critical component of hvac systems and is governed by the principles of thermodynamics. Because the temperature of air or gas drops during expansion, a. Jul 17, 2019 the refrigeration condenser coil accepts hot, highpressure gas from the compressor and cools it to remove first the superheat and then the latent heat so that refrigerant condenses back to a liquid state. Chclf2 has less chlorine, a little better for the environment than r12 used.
No previous research was found on this specific subject. When the gas is throttled from very high pressure to low pressure in the throttling valve, its temperature reduces suddenly while its enthalpy remains constant. A plan should be developed to look at alternatives to r22 and assess the priorities in terms of costs, benefits and service continuity. This is often measured at the liquids boiling point. Both a steadystate and a transient simulation will be considered. Feb 18, 2015 this is the basic refrigeration cycle applied to a 10 seer r22 fixed orifice air conditioning system. The vapor compression cycle circulates a fluid through a compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator, in order to absorb heat from a refrigerated space at a low temperature and give off heat at a higher temperature to the surroundings, thus keeping the refrigerated space cool. This is a refrigeration cycle diagram of regular central air conditioner units. Cascading improves the cop of a refrigeration cycle. The performance comparison of the different refrigerants is based on ar. Compared with that of conventional cycle configuration, the new cycle efficiency can be improved. A refrigeration system is a combination of components and equipment connected in a sequential order to produce the refrigeration effect. Largescale systems for breweries, slaughterhouses, cold storage houses and ice factories as well as refrigeration ships were built for this industry.
R407c is not as efficient as the performance of a r410a system. The refrigeration cycle is a closed loop of gas which undergoes four stages. In an air or gas expansion system, air or gas is compressed to a high pressure by mechanical energy. Find copr and copr, carnot for the same tmax and tmin, and the tons of refrigeration. A familiarity with these diagrams will make this chapter easier. A refrigeration cycle works on essentially the same principle that makes your hand feel cold when water is evaporating off of it. The refrigeration lab was conducted to gain a better understanding of the vapourcompression refrigeration cycle, and to compare the ideal cycle with the real cycle.
In this paper, first law and second law thermodynamic analysis for hydrocarbon refrigerants are performed. The refrigerant leaves the evaporator at 20oc and has a condenser pressure of 0. Another disadvantage of r407c is based on overall system performance. A twostage refrigeration cycle consider a twostage cascade refrigeration system operating between pressure limits of 0. The bubble to the left is the portion of the diagram where. Thermodynamic properties of duponttm freonr 22 refrigerant. Ch cl f2 r22 40 5 ch f3 r23 84 5 c cl2 f c cl f2 r1 47 4.
The direction of the cyclic process in thets diagram determines w hether this is a heat pump cycle refrigeration cycle or a work machine cycle steam power cycle. What are the advantages and disadvantages of r407c. The different stages in the refrigeration cycle are undergone in these physical systems. The copper refrigerant tube a tube that connects these air conditioner parts well be discussing the ac cycle from splitcentral air. The points which are required for engineering calculation are from h 1 to h. The small condensing surface required by a domestic.
Just as the vapors are used for cooling in the vapor compression cycle and vapor absorption cycle, the gas is used for cooling in gas refrigeration cycle. This management guideline for the phaseout of refrigerant r22 was prepared by the state of queensland. Performance of a new refrigeration cycle using refrigerant mixture r32r4a for residential airconditioner applications article in energy and buildings 4011. All air conditioner units must have the five basic components to work. Performance investigation of natural refrigerant r290 as a. R22 chclf 2 has less chlorine, a little better for the. These include r404a, r422a, r422d, r507, which will be phased out to reduce emissions. A longterm nonozone depleting replacement for hcfc in low and mediumtemperature commercial refrigeration systems and as a retrofit solution in air conditioning installations. A comparison between refrigerants used in air conditioning. The refrigeration system consists of a simple direct expansion refrigeration cycle with.
Some basic refrigeration cycles are discussed here through different diagrams. Figure 15 refrigeration cycle on the ph diagram take the structure image of this refrigeration cycle from figure 15, it becomes the ph diagram for engineering calculation as shown in figure 16. Carnot cycle, here the enclosed area is a rectangle. It is a measure of how much heat a gas or liquid can hold and how much heat is needed to change the temperature. Results and analysis applying the different equations for the refrigeration cycle as shown in fig. Atmospheric pressure is the pressure exerted on the earths surface by the weight of the air in the atmosphere above the earths surface. R507 is suitable as a replacement for r22 in flooded refrigeration systems. Rev pages chapter 9 refrigerants, refrigeration cycles, and. The boiling point of a liquid is affected by the pressure exerted on its surface. Cascade cycle is used where a very wide range of temperature between tl and th is required. R290 as a substitute of r502 and r22 in commercial.
Performance analysis of vapour compression refrigeration system with r404a, r407c and r410a jyoti soni 1 and r c gupta corresponding author. This is the basic refrigeration cycle applied to a 10 seer r22 fixed orifice air. Layout of the r22 vapourcompression refrigeration system. Case1 the basics of refrigeration cycle ph diagram analysis. R22 refrigerant in standard vapour compression cycle of refrigeration system. The refrigeration condenser coil accepts hot, highpressure gas from the compressor and cools it to remove first the superheat and then the latent heat so that refrigerant condenses back to a liquid state. Refrigerant 4a is the working fluid in an ideal compression refrigeration cycle. Refrigeration systems refer to the different physical components that make up the total refrigeration unit. In the refrigeration system, the representative performance characteristics are compressor power. R1270, r32, r22, and r152a, in vapor compression refrigeration cycles and heat pumps was investigated.
System description the layout of the system is shown in figure 1. Refrigeration cycle is the basis of all refrigeration systems. The simple vapour compression refrigeration cycle is shown in fig. Analyses was made on the ideal vapor compression refrigeration cycle and a second cycle which was created by adding subcool and superheat regions on the first one. In some applications, r407c systems may need a liquid receiver to. Theoretical evaluation of r22 and r502 alternatives. It has low chlorine content and ozone depletion potential and a modest global warming potential. Liquid subcooling is the only method that prevents refrigerant flashing to gas due to pressure drops in the line.
Simulation analysis of compression refrigeration cycle with different refrigerants p. We use the same thermodynamic cycle today, though the. This case study demonstrates the modeling of a vapour compression refrigeration system using r22 as refrigerant. Refrigerants and the refrigeration system determine the pressures. This cogitation is to base on idea simple cycle with no losses.
New regenerative cycle for vapor compression refrigeration. Technical information at22 thermodynamic properties of dupontz freon. R22 can be used in small heat pump systems, but new systems can not be manufactured for use in the eu after 2003. For similar cooling load, cop is improved by mixing two refrigerants and shows maximum value at 60% mass fraction of. Vetriselvan abstract in this analysis, the performance of compression cycle is assessed theoretically with different refrigerants. Management guideline for the phaseout of refrigerant r22. Oct 12, 2012 this video is an animation of how the refrigeration cycle works, with each components function. The purpose of a refrigerator is the removal of heat, called the cooling load, from a lowtemperature medium. For existing air conditioning and refrigeration systems using refrigerant r22 there are really only four options, a. Find refrigeration cycle stock images in hd and millions of other royaltyfree stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the shutterstock collection. R22 has been replaced most commonly in new systems with r410a which is a modern refrigerant that does not cause damage to the ozone layer. Didion abstract the report presents the performance evaluation of nine r22 alternatives and three r502 alternatives. Simulation analysis of compression refrigeration cycle.
Pdf the report addresses issues of plotting the pressureenthalpy and temperatureentropy diagrams of. Other liquids, including some known as refrigerants, produce even lower temperatures when they evaporate. This video is an animation of how the refrigeration cycle. Download fulltext pdf these data have been used to plot forecast ph and ts diagrams for other fluoropropylenes r1243zf. In this lab dichlorofluoroethane r141b was used as the refrigerant, and the mass flow rate of water coming into the evaporator and the condenser was varied. Hydrocarbons, r290, r1270 and a mixture of r290r1270 of 1585 wt % are used as dropin refrigerant to r22. The above figure shows the objectives of refrigerators and heat pumps. The reversed carnot cycle is the most efficient refrigeration cycle operating. Theoretical evaluation of r22 and r502 alternatives piotr a. The finest energy consumption of those devices is extremely high and. Before we dive in, lets get an understanding of four key concepts. R22 showed a cycle cop and a second law efficiency that are 2%. These systems consist of an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor and an expansion valve.
Vapor compression refrigeration systems are used for a variety of coolingrefrigeration applications. Performance of a new refrigeration cycle using refrigerant. Knowing the temperature difference across the coils, the amperage, and the airflow all give the technician vital information. So refrigeration cycle should be known to understand the refrigeration system. Pdf effect of cooling load on the performance of r22 residential. Simulation analysis of compression refrigeration cycle with. The study was conducted using a semitheoretical model, cycle 11, with a pure crossflow representation of heat transfer in the evaporator and.
C for selected three different types refrigerants r22, r32 and r410a in. The study was conducted using a semitheoretical model, cycle11, with a pure crossflow representation of heat transfer in the evaporator and. The refrigeration systems commonly used for air conditioning can be classified by the type of input energy and the refrigeration process as follows. Compressor basic refrigeration cycle evaporator condenser receiver. Pdf in this paper, first law and second law thermodynamic analysis for. An understanding of the pressuretemperature relationship of refrigerants as theypass through the refrigeration compression cycle also will help you as you study this chapter on refrigerant tables.
Thousands of new, highquality pictures added every day. This video is an animation of how the refrigeration cycle works, with each components function. Hydrocarbon refrigerants such as r290, r600a, r1270 as well as their blend mixtures in various ratios. Vapour compression refrigeration is employed in nearly 80 take advantages of the refrigeration industries within the world for refrigeration, heating, ventilating and aircon. Otherwise, its full potential as a heat transfer device will not be utilized.
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